1 февраля 1411 года заключён Первый Торуньский мир между Тевтонским орденом, с одной стороны, Королевством Польским и Великим княжеством Литовским — с другой. Завершил Великую войну 1409—1411 годов, приведшую к разгрому войск Ордена союзными войсками в Грюнвальдской битве 1410 года.
Описание
Документ на латинском языке на листе пергамента размером 570×496+45 мм. Печать великого князя литовского Витовта — оттиск на красном воске диаметром 50 мм на полоске пергамена. Десять полосок пергамена без печатей.
Положения договора
- Королевство Польское возвращало магистру и Ордену все захваченные по праву войны замки на землях Пруссии. Оттуда также выводились польские войска.
- Польский король освобождал всех людей магистра и Ордена, захваченных в сражениях.
- Магистр и Орден должны были выплатить польскому королю и его королевству в три срока 100 тысяч коп больших пражских грошей.
- За Великим княжеством Литовским оставалась Жемайтия, но после смерти польского короля Владислава II Ягелло и великого князя литовского Александра [Витовта] она должна была быть возвращена магистру прусскому и Ордену крестоносцев.
Значение
Условия мира были относительно мягкими для Ордена, учитывая его потери в войне и потенциал союзников. Тем не менее в результате Великой войны была остановлена экспансия Тевтонского ордена, который потерял роль крупной военно-политической силы в Прибалтике.
Italy’s working visas are notoriously hard to get. We spoke to Americans who managed it
варочный котел для производства начинок
The Italian village offering $1 homes to Americans upset by the US election result was one of our top stories on CNN Travel this week.
Like many other places in rural Italy (such as Sambuca in Sicily), the Sardinian village of Ollolai has an ongoing campaign to persuade outsiders to move there to revive the town’s fortunes. Focusing on the US election result is its latest strategy.
Despite all the houses going on offer, working visas to Italy are still very limited. Professional musicians Zeneba Bowers and Matt Walker gave up their Tennessee home in 2019 and moved to a village north of Rome after securing super-rare self-employed visas. Here’s how they did it.
California woman Chelsea Waite says it was “nothing less than a miracle” when she snagged the new digital nomad visa that launched in April 2024, although there have been few accounts of people getting hold of one. Here’s how it fell into place for the self-employed public relations professional.
For well-heeled Americans who set their sights beyond Italy, the options are greater. Interest in citizenship-by-investment “golden visas” has soared since the election, according to consultants who help the wealthy migrate.
Ham, cheese and bread
Parma ham is one of Italy’s tastiest exports, but fans of the cured delicacy should prepare themselves for potential disappointment as a crisis threatens supplies and drives up prices.
Over in the world of dairy, this year’s World Cheese Awards saw 4,786 cheeses from 47 countries assembled in the Portuguese city of Viseu to face judges’ scrutiny. The winning coagulated curd was a “voluptuous … match of protein and fat,” one juror said.
Finally, in the disputed Kashmir region of India, bakers are producing breads that could rival France. The rich bread culture is a legacy of the Silk Road trade route that once passed through the region.
eriacta crown — apcalis weak forzest weakness
Italy’s working visas are notoriously hard to get. We spoke to Americans who managed it
котел для химических масс
The Italian village offering $1 homes to Americans upset by the US election result was one of our top stories on CNN Travel this week.
Like many other places in rural Italy (such as Sambuca in Sicily), the Sardinian village of Ollolai has an ongoing campaign to persuade outsiders to move there to revive the town’s fortunes. Focusing on the US election result is its latest strategy.
Despite all the houses going on offer, working visas to Italy are still very limited. Professional musicians Zeneba Bowers and Matt Walker gave up their Tennessee home in 2019 and moved to a village north of Rome after securing super-rare self-employed visas. Here’s how they did it.
California woman Chelsea Waite says it was “nothing less than a miracle” when she snagged the new digital nomad visa that launched in April 2024, although there have been few accounts of people getting hold of one. Here’s how it fell into place for the self-employed public relations professional.
For well-heeled Americans who set their sights beyond Italy, the options are greater. Interest in citizenship-by-investment “golden visas” has soared since the election, according to consultants who help the wealthy migrate.
Ham, cheese and bread
Parma ham is one of Italy’s tastiest exports, but fans of the cured delicacy should prepare themselves for potential disappointment as a crisis threatens supplies and drives up prices.
Over in the world of dairy, this year’s World Cheese Awards saw 4,786 cheeses from 47 countries assembled in the Portuguese city of Viseu to face judges’ scrutiny. The winning coagulated curd was a “voluptuous … match of protein and fat,” one juror said.
Finally, in the disputed Kashmir region of India, bakers are producing breads that could rival France. The rich bread culture is a legacy of the Silk Road trade route that once passed through the region.
Italy’s working visas are notoriously hard to get. We spoke to Americans who managed it
оборудование для кальянного табака
The Italian village offering $1 homes to Americans upset by the US election result was one of our top stories on CNN Travel this week.
Like many other places in rural Italy (such as Sambuca in Sicily), the Sardinian village of Ollolai has an ongoing campaign to persuade outsiders to move there to revive the town’s fortunes. Focusing on the US election result is its latest strategy.
Despite all the houses going on offer, working visas to Italy are still very limited. Professional musicians Zeneba Bowers and Matt Walker gave up their Tennessee home in 2019 and moved to a village north of Rome after securing super-rare self-employed visas. Here’s how they did it.
California woman Chelsea Waite says it was “nothing less than a miracle” when she snagged the new digital nomad visa that launched in April 2024, although there have been few accounts of people getting hold of one. Here’s how it fell into place for the self-employed public relations professional.
For well-heeled Americans who set their sights beyond Italy, the options are greater. Interest in citizenship-by-investment “golden visas” has soared since the election, according to consultants who help the wealthy migrate.
Ham, cheese and bread
Parma ham is one of Italy’s tastiest exports, but fans of the cured delicacy should prepare themselves for potential disappointment as a crisis threatens supplies and drives up prices.
Over in the world of dairy, this year’s World Cheese Awards saw 4,786 cheeses from 47 countries assembled in the Portuguese city of Viseu to face judges’ scrutiny. The winning coagulated curd was a “voluptuous … match of protein and fat,” one juror said.
Finally, in the disputed Kashmir region of India, bakers are producing breads that could rival France. The rich bread culture is a legacy of the Silk Road trade route that once passed through the region.